WW2

Trade War

Trade Wars Batter Defence Industry – And Sometimes Lead to Real Wars

The USA’s ‘Liberation Day’ tariffs are a recurring pattern throughout history. These trade barriers have struck the defence industry hard, disrupting imports and exports. In 2024, American defence exports were valued at over $300 billion. Nations have long used trade barriers as instruments of power, and in some cases, these economic skirmishes have spiralled into

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Soviet tank in Afghanistan.

The Kremlin’s Gambit: Understanding Soviet Motivations in the Cold War

What really drove the Kremlin during the Cold War—wild-eyed dreams of global communism, or cold-blooded fear for its own survival? The answer matters because the same instincts may still shape Moscow’s next moves. According to Melvyn P. Leffler, the binary view of ideology versus security is overly simplistic. Understanding the Kremlin’s motivations is crucial to

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How States Think (2023)

Bunker Books: How States Think by John J. Mearsheimer and Sebastian Rosato (2023)

John J. Mearsheimer and Sebastian Rosato’s How States Think: The Rationality of Foreign Policy (2023) presents a rigorous defense of realism in international relations, arguing that states, regardless of their internal politics or ideological preferences, behave rationally to maximize their security and power. How States Think: The Rationality of Foreign Policy seeks to counter the

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